Economics

Экономические аспекты применения альтернативных источников энерегии в арктической зоне РФ на современном этапе Rumiantsev D.S. , Didikov А.Е.

This article discusses the main problems associated with the use of traditional energy sources in the region. The prospects for the use of renewable energy sources, such as wind energy and solar energy, as well as their economic efficiency are described. The main stages of economic support in the development of alternative energy are given. The authors analyzed the cost of electricity generation based on alternative sources and compared it with the cost of electricity generation based on traditional sources. In addition, this work highlights the need to consider alternative energy sources in the context of ensuring energy security in the Arctic zone. Given the climatic conditions and remoteness of this region, a variety of energy sources can help increase the reliability of energy systems and ensure the continuity of energy supply in Arctic settlements and infrastructure. Arguments have been made that the development of alternative energy sources in the Arctic region could create additional opportunities for research and innovation. Attracting scientific and engineering resources to this area can contribute to the development of new technologies and methods adapted to the characteristics of the Arctic environment. As a result of the study, the potential economic benefits of using alternative energy sources in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation were identified, and recommendations were made for the further development of renewable energy infrastructure in the region. The results of the study can be used both for making decisions in the field of energy and for developing a strategy for the development of the Russian Arctic zone. The study results show the potential economic benefits of switching to alternative energy sources in the Russian Arctic. These findings can serve as the basis for developing a strategy for the development of the Arctic zone, focused on more sustainable and efficient use of resources and reducing negative impacts on the environment.

Management

Управление инструментами персонализации на основе их типизации на этапах клиентского пути в онлайн ритейле Budrin A. G. , Pliatinskii A.V.

This article considers personalization techniques in online retail in order to give recommendations on their management. The object of the research is personalization in marketing, while the subject is the instruments of personalization in online retail. The main aim of the article is to classify personalization techniques at each step of the customer journey to give the recommendations on how to manage them. To achieve the aim personalization techniques are considered and frequency analysis of the answers to the questionnaire is conducted. The respondents were asked to prioritize personalization instruments in the two purchase channels: website and social platform. As a result, the basic and additional personalization techniques are identified and the recommendations on their prioritization are given to retailers. It has been identified that in both scenarios at most of CJM stages an ability to consult with a manager is considered as critically important. Apart from that, in case of purchase on website customers view mobile app as a critically important instrument. At the purchase stage in both scenarios shopping basket, personalization of purchase and delivery methods and an ability to customize a product are seen as critically important instruments. This fact shows that if social media plan to develop as purchase channels they have to implement these techniques. Furthermore, advertising based on geolocation, push notifications and email letters are considered optional instruments. Taking this consideration into account, it can be said that customers regard the instruments that can be annoying optional. These findings allow companies to manage the available personalization instruments more effectively. Lastly, despite certain differences, the classifications of personalization instruments in two different scenarios are mostly similar.

Модернизация инструментов управления реализацией программы социально-экономического развития Арктической зоны РФ Nikiforov A.A., Nikiforova V.D.

The article is devoted to the issues of improving the management tools for the implementation of the socio-economic development program in the Russian regions of the Arctic zone. The authors focused their attention on the topical issues of using the tools of state regulation of economic activity and social processes in the Arctic territories, using the methodology of spatial-temporal and comparative approaches to research. As actual research tasks , the following are highlighted: 1) identification of prerequisites and consequences of asynchronous actions in the management system of socio-economic development of subjects whose territories are included in the Russian Arctic zone; 2) determination of the impact of innovative processes of reorientation of the energy market on domestic consumption and exports to the countries of the East and South on the energy system of a number of regions of the Arctic zone of Russia; 3) identification of factors influencing the choice of application of innovative technologies for modeling the transport system and the implementation of production processes; 4) substantiation of directions for improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses through the wider use of innovative forms of production organization (clusters, business incubators, etc.), priority development of the service economy of global importance on the principles of public-private partnerships, etc. In accordance with the tasks set, scientific research in the field of managing the socio-economic development of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, data from industry and regional statistics, Rosstat are summarized.

Анализ внедрения экологически ориентированных практик предприятиями розничной торговли Prituzhalova O.A. , Boklah E.D.

The task of greening marketing policy is relevant for enterprises of various industries. This article discusses the directions and ways of environmental marketing development of retail enterprises. The purpose of the study was to characterize the eco-oriented activities of commercial enterprises on the example of three small, three medium and three large retail stores in the city of Tyumen. For this purpose, a checklist of ten questions was developed, which was filled out based on the results of monitoring and implementation of control purchases in these stores. As a result, positive practices were highlighted (the offer of reusable bags instead of plastic bags for carrying goods, the ability to use the buyer's packaging for bulk goods, the sale of goods in large volumes, separate collection of waste from the public, informing buyers about the possibilities of reducing the negative impact on the environment when shopping, about healthy nutrition) and negative practices (the use of small plastic bags for packaging goods that already have packages, packaging of visitors' bags at the entrance to the trading floor in film, a large volume of printed advertising materials). The results of the study indicate significant steps being taken by stores of all three types to promote environmentally responsible consumption. However, there is still a lot of room for improvement. The theoretical significance of the study lies in obtaining new data on eco-oriented practices used by different types of stores. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of recommendations that will help achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goal No. 12 «Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns».

Управление продвижением сложных товаров и продуктов на основе концепции лонч-маркетинга Salagubova E.D. , Girsh L.V., Solovieva D.V.

The article discusses the basics of promotion management within the framework of the concept of long-term marketing as one of the directions of innovative marketing, which allows finding new growth points for the company. The peculiarities of the concept application and the choice of unique advertising campaign tools that contribute to the effective impact on each of the target audience segments are emphasized. The aim of the work was to study the algorithms for managing the promotion of a complex product, in the context of the concept of long-term marketing, its impact on a complex product and possible stages of application. The object of the work is complex products that have been considered from different consumption positions. The concept of complex products included complex products and goods not only from the side of consumption or sale, but also from the side of their production, promotion, technical development, disposal. Several research methods were used in the work, they included theoretical, empirical and logical methods. The first included the study of educational and scientific literature on the concept of long-term marketing and the concept of a complex product. The empirical research method allowed us to see the effect of the concept of long-term marketing and its impact on brand development using specific business examples. The logical method included the analysis of existing information, the formation of conclusions for the application of the concept of long-term marketing in practice. The applied cases of advertising campaigns broadcasting the use of non-standard advertising channels for the promotion of complex products are considered. The results of a study conducted to determine the number of annual startup launchies in the Russian Federation are presented. The study used data on startups with signs of innovation, Internet sources with open access, as well as research reports from analytical and consulting organizations.

Управление процессом реализации проектов по реинжинирингу бизнес-процессов Gerasimov K.B.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the implementation process of business process reengineering adopted by organizations, based on the realities of the project level. The results obtained are used to develop a business process reengineering implementation process that can be adopted by organizations to effectively reengineer their processes. The literature review was used to initially develop a conceptual process for implementing business process reengineering, which includes three key phases and five steps. Four case studies were then conducted in organizations that had successfully implemented business process reengineering projects to examine the actual implementation processes at the project level. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with respondents who were actively involved in various stages of the implementation of business process reengineering for data collection in selected organizations. A total of 30 activities were identified that must be completed throughout the process of implementing business process reengineering. The results showed that minor differences in the activities performed throughout the implementation of business process reengineering are due to the lack of homogeneous characteristics, i.e. the type of process being redesigned, the form of reengineering, and the approach to implementing business process reengineering projects. The originality of the study lies in the fact that the work presents a comprehensive view of the process of implementing business process reengineering, including the key stages, steps and sequence of actions that must be followed. In doing so, the paper addresses a clear gap in the literature that requires the development of a comprehensive model that would help in the implementation of business process reengineering to achieve the desired results.

Контрольно-надзорные органы в сфере управления государственными закупками в Российской Федерации Smirnova I.V., Makarova O.N.

The article discusses the main functions and tasks of control and supervisory bodies in the field of procurement to meet state and municipal needs, such as the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia, the Federal Property Management Agency, the Federal Financial Monitoring Service, as well as the bodies of control and supervision over the implementation of procurement laws, such as Rosstandart, Rostekhnadzor, the Federal Antimonopoly Service, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation. The features of the functioning of the bodies of external state financial control and internal state financial control are given. The specificity of departmental financial control as internal control of individual state departments, the object of which is the production and financial reporting of subordinate organizations and institutions, is noted. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics and functional features of the external and internal state financial control bodies. The result of the study is the systematization of public authorities regulating procurement activities and the identification of problems of their interaction. The considered multi-level and extensive system of state control in the field of public procurement to ensure effective control and prevent violations of procurement legislation requires constant development and improvement, which is impossible without eliminating a number of legal and organizational problems: non-transparency of the procurement process; lack of coordination between the various regulatory authorities; lack of a unified information base in the system of regulatory authorities. The solution to these problems lies in the creation of a single database on the results of the activities of all control bodies in the field of procurement, which will both increase the efficiency of the functioning of state control bodies and ensure the development of public control in the field of state and municipal procurement.

Управление реализацией образовательных программ на основе анализа социальных инвестиций Vakhitova L.R. , Rozhdestvenskaia N.V. , Soloveykina M.P.

The article considers an approach to managing higher education programs based on the analysis of social investments in these programs. Human capital gains are undoubtedly the main benefits intended by social investments in education. But as it is not the only important result by itself, authors systematize inputs and benefits from social investments in higher education programs for all the main stakeholders: organizations that employ alumni, universities, university employees, state and community in general, while special emphasis is placed on inputs and benefits for students themselves and their family members. Educational experience for students is largely influenced by their work values, and vice versa – work values also tend to change and reform under influence of educational experience. Over the medium term, getting the necessary educational experience makes a substantial contribution to human and social capital formation and development. The scientific novelty lies in better understanding the role of social investment evaluation of higher education programs by evaluating inputs/benefits ratio of investments in these programs and the ability to control them in order to maximize human capital gains. Object of the analysis is the connection between work values as a part of human capital, the estimated “fairness” of the inputs/benefits ratio in the eyes of the student, and the effectiveness of approaches to composing and implementing the educational programs. The analysis is based on survey data on what the 1-2-year undergraduate students of pedagogical specialties of the Herzen State Pedagogical University (St.Petersburg, Russia) consider in short-term perspective to be “fair ratio” of inputs and benefits from the higher education they receive. Obtained empiric data shows that these opinions correspond with specific perception of educational experience and specific work values profile. According to their perception of “fairness” of the inputs/benefits ratio we can offer students different sets of activities attuned to their work values profile. Thus, students who consider their inputs/benefits ratio to be “fair”, are more inclined to self-development and social service jobs, unlike the rest of the respondents. By getting more students to understand that their inputs/benefits ratio is “fair” we can help build their human capital, make the educational process more sustainable and increase the social results of higher education programs.

Цифровые технологии в стратегии бизнеса развивающихся экономик Nikolaeva A.M. , Zajchenko I.M. , Diomande M.I. , Sharonova A.D.

The article examines the processes of digitalization and the changes that occur under their influence in the economies of the countries of the African continent. Significant changes are shown in the functioning of enterprise management mechanisms, in socio-economic development and growth in the standard of living of the population, but, above all, in business development. Particular attention is paid to the state of digitalization and the results of its impact on the economy in West African countries. Attention is drawn to these countries because until recently, before the spread of digital technologies, their economies were classified as underdeveloped. Indicators such as the level of digitalization, digital quality of life, etc., reflect noticeable changes in the banking sector of mobile payments, which allow for safe and convenient financial transactions, even when clients do not have access to banking services. Another example of advances in digitalization is the education sector, where online resources and electronic textbooks have become available to improve literacy and develop skills needed for future jobs. Digital technologies also play an important role in public administration, making it possible to introduce electronic accounting and monitoring systems that help increase the transparency and efficiency of government programs, reduce the level of corruption, and provide quality services to the population. Successful digital practices in West African countries show that even with limited resources and other economic difficulties, significant results in economic and social development can be achieved. Achievements in the development of these countries expand ideas about the possibilities of modernization in modern developing economies without revising traditional institutional values. The subject of study is the socio-economic spheres of digitalization in developing countries of the African continent. The methods used in the article represent a descriptive - ontological description of digitalization in developing economies, and also apply content and comparative analysis, the method of analogies, methods for visualizing source data and the results obtained in business management research.

Принципы управления и развития транспортной инфраструктуры в Российской Федерации Vasilenok V.L., Martynenko O.V. , Negreeva V.V., Skorobogatko K.Е.

The relevance of the presented study is to analyze the development of transport infrastructure, which affects the proper organization of transport flows, which, in turn, entails the smooth functioning and timely supply of necessary goods to the objects of national economy. Currently, the state is implementing a number of national projects. By designing and building transport and logistics infrastructure facilities, it is possible to achieve optimization of transport flows for the purpose of effective management of the country's economic system. The object of the study is the transport infrastructure of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the basic principles of management and development of transport infrastructure. Among the risks it should be noted that the low level of transport and logistics infrastructure development can entail unjustified losses in the transportation process, which negatively affects the efficiency of organizational and management processes. The authors studied the scheme of phased placement of federal facilities by mode of transportation, which was developed on the basis of the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 with a forecast for the period up to 2035 and other documents. The transportation system plays an important role in the economic development of the Russian Federation, as it is a key element in both production and social spheres. The transport system contributes to the formation of competitive advantages of the state in terms of the realization of its transit potential. Thus, this topic is relevant and requires constant study in order to find optimal ways of development and management of transport and logistics infrastructure. The lack or insufficient development of transport infrastructure can lead to economic slowdown, higher prices for goods and services, lower competitiveness and loss of investment attractiveness of the country's regions.

Finance

Выявление и анализ сценариев развития финансового результата: концепция и инструментарий Lisitsa M.I.

The subject of the study is a combination of tools designed to calculate the minimum/maximum level of the expected financial result for the period of time that makes up the horizon of anticipation, and the rules for choosing the most preferable (understood as the most resistant to possible changes) way of conducting economic activity. The work is based on the synthesis of: 1) deterministic models; 2) the tools of mathematical statistics used to assess the parameters that are components of deterministic models; 3) the method of identifying and analyzing development scenarios in the context of: a) the rules for minimizing lost profits; b) rules for minimizing the maximum possible losses. The result of the study can be considered a number of conclusions. First, the identification and analysis of development scenarios seems to be an attractive option for determining the safest way to form the expected financial result, since it relies on a reasonable assumption of an equally likely distribution of all the proposed scenarios for the development of economic activity, and therefore allows to identify the best and worst. Secondly, the way to achieve the intended financial result is important here, and not the probability of obtaining it and quantifying it (although it is given). Thirdly, the methodology contains a potential problem - there may be acceptable alternatives that make it difficult to choose a scenario for achieving the expected financial result. The presented approach can potentially be in demand by enterprises aimed at creating and implementing or improving their own systems for studying the risks arising in the process of financial administration.