December 2025 (published: 11.12.2025)
Number 4(63)
UDC 339.562:338.23
DOI 10.17586/2310-1172-2025-18-4-81-91
Some aspects of the process of implementing import substitution programs in the Russian Federation
Reference for citation: Nikiforov A.A., Nikiforova V.D., Katysheva E.G. Some aspects of the process of implementing import substitution programs in the Russian Federation. Scientific journal NRU ITMO. Series «Economics and Environmental Management». 2025. № 4. Р. 81-91. DOI: 10.17586/2310-1172-2025-18-4-81-91.
Abstract. The article is devoted to the implementation of the import substitution policy in the Russian Federation, which is based on the orientation of domestic production to create goods in specific conditions of the country that are attractive to Russian consumers. The object of the study is the system of economic relations related to import substitution from the perspective of increasing the country's competitiveness in the global market. The authors focused on the controversial issues of import substitution in the agricultural sector, mechanical engineering and others, using general scientific and private research methods, including the methodology of systematic, spatial-temporal and comparative approaches to research. The following are highlighted as relevant research tasks:: 1) identification of the specifics of the implementation of the import substitution policy of the Russian Federation at the present stage and determination of the effectiveness of its implementation in the context of Russian realities, taking into account the formation of a multipolar world order; 2) consideration of foreign experience in the implementation of import substitution policy in order to identify factors influencing its implementation; 3) identification of the features and significance of the Russian approach to ensuring national economic security based on mechanical engineering, agro-industrial complex and other spheres of the economy; 4) sectoral and regional analysis of the current process of implementing Russian import substitution programs in mechanical engineering, agricultural complex, etc., in certain regions, including aspects of self-sufficiency and import dependence in the context of sanctions, its conduct in Ukraine, and the aggravation of the geopolitical situation; 5) identification and justification of the development of cooperative relations between the Russian Federation and the countries The EAEU, BRICS, increasing efficiency in achieving self-sufficiency of the domestic market in goods and expansion into foreign markets based on the growth of competitiveness of domestic production. In accordance with the tasks set, scientific research in the field of import substitution, ensuring economic security, data from industry and regional statistics, and Rosstat are summarized. The results of the research are scientific and practical recommendations for solving problems related to the process of implementing import substitution policies and programs in the Russian Federation.
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Keywords: import substitution policy, economic security, export promotion, competitiveness.
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