Economics

Методология структурной трансформация экономики Арктической зоны Afanasieva N.V. , Bogachev V.F. , Mikulenok A.S.

The article substantiates the feasibility and timeliness of carrying out a structural transformation of the economy based on the using the international standards methodology of quality management systems (QMS), widely used in the world practice of forming organizational management structures. An assessment of the scientific development degree for the problem of forming an effective mechanism for transforming the economic management structure of spatial systems indicates that this problem is especially relevant at the present time. The purpose of the study is to develop the theoretical foundations for reforming the economic management structure and identifying trends and patterns of the economy structural transformation. The scientific hypothesis is that the process of economic transformation should begin with reforming the management structure as its most important element. The object of study is the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF), which, having a number of specific features, is an ideal testing ground for economic experiments. The study used theoretical and empirical methods, including methods of simulation modeling, forecasting, as well as methods of expert assessments and. Authors developed an interregional management mechanism based on the implementation of quality management system (QMS) management standards based on an analysis of the main stages of preparation and implementation of a number of major projects for restructuring management systems and recommendations for the Development Department of the Russian Arctic and the implementation of infrastructure projects of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the Development of the Far East and Arctic.

Исследование промышленных экосистем в контексте децентрализованного экономического развития Nikiforov A.A., Nikiforova V.D.

The article analyzes the profound changes in the system of business organization and management due to the processes of globalization, digitalization, and the formation of ecosystems. Special attention is paid to industrial ecosystems from the position of disclosing the content of the concept of “ecosystem”, emphasis is placed on the managerial aspects of the study. With the increasing dynamism of the external environment, increasing complexity of interorganizational ties, the issues of formation and expansion of decentralized network management structures of economic systems, search for flexibility of industrial ecosystems under the influence of increased competition between companies, increasing complexity of component value for the consumer are becoming more relevant. Based on the analysis of ecosystem processes in industry, the main directions for achieving structural changes in the industrial electric power industry in order to achieve sustainable development are determined. The ecosystem approach to research, which combines cluster spatial, structural-functional, network and other approaches, allowed us to reveal the contradictions and factors of industrial ecosystems development based on the desire of business to economic growth, social and environmental responsibility through the use of the potential of digital technologies, innovations, adaptive communication of actors included in the ecosystem. To ensure innovative development of the industrial electric power industry, it is important to create favorable conditions for structural transformation based on the practical implementation of a decentralized model of companies' activities in the field of electricity generation, sales and consumption, state partnership with the use of innovative development funds and institutions, integration of centralized and distributed energy systems, transformation of traditional business processes, etc.

Формирование содержания учебной дисциплины «экономическая теория» на основе дизайна Shapiro N.A., Vakhitova L.R. , Rubstova O.L. , Gyliaeva V.B.

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the change of the stereotype of the traditional educational standard for design, on the basis of which the content of economic theory as a modern academic discipline should be formed. Design is considered in the context of a methodological framework that is relevant to the state of fragmentation of modern economic science, where the "sides of the frame" are theories offering various solutions to the same problem, determined by the future professional competencies of an economist. The substantiation of the proposed proposal is based on the logic of metamodernism, according to which a separate, single theory / concept, considered outside the cultural context, loses its critical scientific value. The article begins with a brief overview of the modern discussion on the problem of the content of the academic discipline "economic theory", a retrospective characteristic of economic science, starting from one large theory to the state of fragmentation, which became a challenge to replace the standard content with a different way of forming the academic discipline. Further, we consider existing educational practices in which the use of design as an alternative to the standard has long been established as a productive solution, and also propose new possible options. The article is of a debatable nature.

Finance

Управление природозависимыми финансовыми рисками в банках: методологические аспекты Ivanov V.V. , Nurmuhametov R.K.

In 2023 and 2024, there was a significant increase in the interest of financial institutions in nature-related financial risks. The problems of natural disasters and biodiversity are becoming more urgent. Research shows that economies around the world are becoming increasingly dependent on ecosystem services, and natural risks can have a direct impact on the economy and financial stability. According to estimates from the European Central Bank, almost 75% of all loans in the eurozone go to companies that rely heavily on at least one ecosystem service. International organizations such as the NGFS, TNFD, IMF, and central banks from various countries are conducting in-depth research on nature-related financial risks. These organizations include the Community of Central Banks and Supervisors for Environmental Sustainability in Financial Systems and the Task Force for Disclosure of Financial Information on Nature. Currently, there is no research in Russia on the financial risks associated with natural disasters. This study aims to investigate methodological approaches to managing these risks, especially in credit institutions. The purpose of this work is to summarize existing research on the topic and apply the findings in Russian practice. The focus of this study will be on nature-dependent financial risks. The methods used in the research include universal, general scientific, and specific scientific methods, as well as content analysis of available sources. The largest studies on managing nature-related financial risks were analyzed, along with the nature and types of these risks and the principles for creating scenarios for managing them. Conclusions were drawn regarding methodological approaches for managing nature-related risks in credit institutions in the Russian Federation.

Management

Эмпирическое исследование управленческих механизмов мотивации и стимулирования работников в условиях устойчивого цифрового развития Kharlamova T.L. , Yuan Yu.

This article examines the current application of employee motivation and incentive mechanisms in the context of digital development and activation of companies' activities within the framework of the international ESG agenda. The authors analyze the impact of current factors, such as material and non-material rewards, as well as ensuring the well-being and engagement of employees, on their motivation and satisfaction with working conditions. At the same time, attention is paid to the existing contradictions associated with the influence of modern digital tools, which can play both a supporting and a restraining role in staff motivation. The importance of using digital approaches in conducting analytical work and ensuring the intellectualization and automation of management activities with social and environmental focus within the framework of motivation and incentives is emphasized. In the article, based on empirical and multiple regression analysis, hypotheses about the relationship and mutual influence of motivating factors on the satisfaction and involvement of personnel in the context of digitalization and ensuring sustainable development are formulated and proven. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of motivational factors such as wages, non-material impact, availability of feedback mechanisms, and employee well-being on their engagement and job satisfaction (taking into account the stimulating role of digital tools). Based on this, practical recommendations should be proposed for the management of modern companies on creating the foundations for effective personnel performance in the context of digital transformation and implementation of ESG strategy. Research objectives: 1) to assess the impact of various motivational factors on employee engagement and satisfaction; 2) to analyze the impact of digital tools on motivational factors; 3) to identify the moderating impact of digital tools on motivational factors; 4) to propose recommendations for the formation of motivational factors in the context of digital transformation and sustainable development. The object of the study is employees of modern companies participating in international studies on job satisfaction. Research methods: multiple regression analysis, data analysis, generalization, logical analysis and case study.

Механизм гармонизации составляющих устойчивого развития организации Kunin V.A.

The purpose of the study was to formalize and study the mechanism of harmonization of the components of the sustainable development of the organization. The subject of the study was the process of harmonization of the components of sustainable development, and the object of the study was the organization of various fields of activity. In the process of conducting research based on systematic and cost-based approaches, the methods of factorial, logical and comparative analysis were used. Based on the analysis of various sources of information, including scientific publications and regulatory documents, the article systematizes the understanding of the essence and goals of the organization's sustainable development in the context of the overall objectives of the country's national development. The steps that an organization must take to achieve the goal of sustainable development are systematized, and the concept of harmonization of the components of sustainable development is clarified. The necessity of harmonizing the components of the organization's sustainable development and improving the theoretical and methodological framework and tools for its solution is substantiated. The relationship between sustainable development and the competitiveness of the organization is revealed. The purpose of harmonization of the components of the sustainable development of the organization and the core of the tasks, the solution of which is necessary to achieve this goal, are defined. The criterion has been formalized and justified, and external and internal tools for ensuring the harmonization of sustainable development components have been identified. When formalizing the proposed criterion, a cost approach was applied. In accordance with this approach, the specified criterion determines the condition for the growth of the organization's net cash flow and, as a result, its value when investing in achieving the goal of sustainable development. The expediency of using a risk–based approach for monitoring the environmental, social and economic components of organizations' activities, adapting government regulatory instruments to changing environmental conditions of organizations' activities and internal control of the dynamics of the organization's market value in the implementation of the concept of its sustainable development is shown.

Управление цифровой корпоративной ответственностью в контексте устойчивого развития Silkina G.Yu. , Peng Y. , Livintsova M.G.

The study aims to identify the main aspects of digital corporate responsibility and develop a model for assessing its impact on company development. It focuses on digital and management processes, including data security, privacy, regulatory compliance, and digital ethics. A method for evaluating digital responsibility using quantitative indicators is proposed, which contributes to systematic management and can improve operational efficiency and the market image of the company. The novelty of the research lies in the proposal of an integrative approach to assessing digital responsibility, incorporating methods of quantitative analysis of the impact of digital corporate responsibility on sustainable development. The results obtained can serve as a foundation for developing corporate strategies aimed at long-term sustainable development, providing companies with the necessary tools to adapt to the conditions of digital transformation and enhance their competitiveness.

Внедрение ESG-концепции в бизнес-модель строительной организации как стратегический инструмент антикризисного управления Androsov A.V. , Bludchiy V.A. , Pupentsova S.V.

The relevance of the research topic is confirmed by the search of organizations for new strategies of crisis management in the conditions of external pressure due to geopolitical, economic, environmental and social situation. The authors proposed a hypothesis in the course of the research: the introduction of ESG practices, methodology and concept into the strategy for development and improvement of the development product, as well as into the business model, allows minimizing the impact of the consequences of the crisis on the company by influencing the levers of crisis management. The purpose of the study to identify problems and prospects of ESG-concept implementation in the business model of a construction organization as a strategic tool of crisis management was achieved by solving the following tasks: identified and summarized the opinion of construction organizations on the implementation of ESG-concept in the business model; summarized regulations and standards governing ESG-factors in the field of development and construction; identified the main advantages of ESG-concept implementation in the product management of construction projects; conducted a comparative analysis of development projects in the field of development and construction; conducted a comparative analysis of ESG-concept in the business model of a construction company. The study applied academic methods of economic research, namely methods of comparative, systemic, logical analysis, graphical generalization and grouping, economic and statistical methods. During the analysis of selected construction projects with ESG-certification, it was found that the market weighted average price of apartments offered for sale at the time of evaluation exceeds the indicator of peer objects. The paper establishes that crisis management in accordance with ESG-principles allows increasing the company's resistance to industry problems and bankruptcy risk due to the optimization of strategic, operational and product management.

Особенности управления рисками в производственных фармацевтических компаниях Safronova Zh.S. , Brazevich D.S. , Vasilenok V.L.

The subject of the study is risk management of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. The goal is to identify the peculiarities of risk management in pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. The study included a scientific and theoretical analysis of the concept of "risk management", revealed the ambiguity of interpretations and the uniqueness of approaches to this definition. It is substantiated that a flexible risk management strategy allows companies to continuously improve their processes, increase their competitiveness and attractiveness in the market. Based on a systematic approach, the main stages of risk management are formulated and supplemented. The features of the functioning of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies are shown, consisting in strict regulation of activities, subordination to industry standards, involvement in knowledge-intensive processes of development and production of medicinal products, implying various types of risks. It is emphasized that risk management of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies is included in the licensing requirements and is one of the main conditions of activity. In the course of the study, the methodological foundations of risk management of pharmaceutical companies were analyzed and the specifics of risk management were determined. Conclusions are made about the lack of attention of management to risk management, the lack of specialists in this area, fragmented risk management, etc.

Искусственный интеллект как актуальный инструмент менеджмента качества образовательного процесса современных вузов Gavrilyuk E.S. , Izotova A.G. , Bikmulina T.N.

The rapid development of digital technologies (DT) and artificial intelligence (AI) has led to the need for changes in management in the educational process, since their spontaneous spread and uncontrolled application can lead to a negative transformation of the academic environment and reduce the level of professional competencies of university graduates. The article considers the impact of AI on the academic environment, analyzes its advantages and challenges, and considers successful implementation practices. The aim of the study is to comprehensively analyze the impact of AI technologies on educational processes and administrative management functions of a higher education institution. The object of the study is modern AI technologies used in higher education institutions, and the subject is their impact on learning, teaching and management of the educational process. In the course of the research the following were used: analysis of scientific publications, comparative analysis of practices of implemented technologies, statistical analysis of data on the impact of AI on the educational process. Examples of successful implementation of AI in foreign and domestic universities, including chatbots, adaptive educational platforms and intelligent learning systems were considered. Special attention is paid to ethical aspects and challenges of AI implementation, such as personal data protection, algorithmic bias and possible changes in the role of the teacher. As a result of the study, the main directions of AI application in higher education are highlighted, including personalization of learning, automated knowledge verification, prediction of students' progress, as well as support of administrative processes. Thus, the article is not about prohibitions and limitations of AI in education, but about its constructive and positive application as a relevant tool for improving quality management, ensuring the transformation of modern higher education in the world of modern technologies.

Государственная поддержка в условиях санкций как инструмент повышения экономической безопасности малого и среднего бизнеса Smirnova I.V.

The subject of this research is small and medium-sized businesses in St. Petersburg. The topic of the article is the types of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in St. Petersburg aimed at reducing threats to economic security. The purpose of the work is to systematize anti-sanction measures of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in St. Petersburg aimed at reducing threats to economic security. The hypothesis of the study is that state support is a tool for reducing sanctions threats to economic security for small and medium-sized businesses. The article uses theoretical research methods: analysis, generalization, classification, as well as the quantitative method of statistical analysis. As a result of the work, the author concludes that there is a need for a set of anti-sanctions measures of state support aimed at reducing threats to the economic security of small and medium-sized businesses on the example of St. Petersburg. economic sanctions limited St. Petersburg's access to foreign investment, which led to a decrease in the amount of available investment resources. For many entrepreneurs, state support in the face of sanctions pressure is the only way to continue their functioning. However, the study showed that there is insufficient demand for regional measures to support small and medium-sized businesses, explaining them by the difficulty of accessibility, the complexity of the procedures for obtaining and reporting, as well as insufficient information. Therefore, in the face of sanctions pressure, it is necessary to comprehensively implement all support measures by regional authorities: tax, financial, informational, property, labor and administrative, which helps to reduce threats to the economic security of small and medium-sized businesses in the region.

Принятие управленческого решения с учетом формирования синергетических связей между экономической и экологической составляющими в деятельности предприятия Pestrikov A.A.

Objective: To build an applied algorithm for making managerial decisions that ensure high economic and environmental efficiency of the enterprise. To determine the points of synergetic balance between compliance with environmental requirements and trends and the norm of economic profitability of the enterprise. Objectives: to identify methods and approaches to building environmentally efficient systems and to determine the likely losses in case of non-compliance with economic norms, as well as the most effective strategy for the implementation of environmental legislation, while meeting economic targets. Methodology: methods of critical analysis of scientific articles, works and the author's own experience are applied. A method for calculating coefficients determining the environmental efficiency of an enterprise has been developed and applied. The study of thematic literature and reference information related to environmental monitoring and auditing, as well as literature on the economic efficiency of the enterprise, was used. Results: the study identified possible losses and investments of the enterprise when achieving environmental synergy. The disadvantages of making managerial decisions and using approaches based on examples have been identified, which consist in uniformity and pattern in the formation of business models and approaches to achieving economic efficiency. As a result, different approaches have been identified and compared. The author's approach to determining possible environmental factors affecting economic efficiency is proposed, and attention is focused on the adaptation of enterprises and businesses to changing environmental conditions and environmental trends. Formulas have been developed for calculating possible losses and investments depending on the scale of the company's activities. The effectiveness of preventive measures in achieving ecological and economic balance has been proven. Conclusions: A modern approach to the formation of synergetic links between the environmental efficiency of the enterprise and economic.

Состояние рынка труда в сегменте управленческих кадров по информационной безопасности учреждений здравоохранения Gavrishev A.A.

This article presents an analysis of the labor market in the segment "management personnel on information security for healthcare institutions". The analysis of the subject area showed that at present, either the labor market of management personnel for healthcare institutions without reference to the field of information security, or the labor market of management personnel on information security without reference to the healthcare sector, is mainly considered. A logical explanation for this fact is that the regulatory consolidation of qualification requirements for management personnel on information security in the healthcare sector was adopted relatively recently. The presented study is based on data from the HeadHunter and SuperJob portals, information from official websites of medical organizations, etc. The main characteristics of the labor market in the segment of management personnel on information security for healthcare institutions were obtained. Based on the results obtained and data from other sources, it is concluded that by now the basic requirements for such specialists have been formed, but there is no well-established job structure and an established labor market in the segment of management personnel on information security of healthcare institutions. A number of general recommendations have been proposed that could potentially improve the labor market situation in the segment of management personnel on information security in healthcare institutions.